Spectral-360: A Physics-Based Technique for Change Detection

Abstract— This paper presents and assesses a novel physics-based change detection technique, Spectral-360, which is based on the dichromatic color reflectance model. This approach, uses image formation models to computationally estimate, from the camera output, a consistent physics-based color descriptor of the spectral reflectance of surfaces visible in the
image, and then to measure the similarity between the fullspectrum reflectance of the background and foreground pixels to segment the foreground from a static background. This method represents a new approach to change detection, using explicit hypotheses about the physics that create images. The
assumptions which have been made are that diffuse only reflection is applicable, and the existence of a dominant
illuminant. The objective evaluation performed using the
‘changedetection.net 2014’ dataset shows that our Spectral-360 method outperforms most state-of-the-art methods.