Evaluation of SIP Signalling and QoS for VoIP over MANETs Reactive Routing Protocols

In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET), delays and bandwidth limitations of the wireless network system adversely affect the performance of the Voice over IP (VoIP). The calls setup time and the voice Quality of service (QoS) of VoIP calls depend on the routing protocol, the mobility model, and the number of hops between the call parties. Number of research efforts used to study the performance metrics of VoIP over MANET with even proactive, reactive, or hybrid routing protocols. In this paper, an evaluation of SIP signaling and voice QoS for SIP based VoIP calls using GSM voice codec over MANETs with Static, Uniform, and Random mobility models. This evaluation considered three types of reactive routing protocols: DSR, AODV, and TORA over IPv4. For SIP signaling, the evaluation examined the call setup time, the number of active calls, the number of rejected calls, and the calls duration. For voice QoS, the evaluation studied the End-to-End Delay, the sent traffic and the received traffic of VoIP calls. The evaluation results show that AODV has the best performance over different types of mobility models, then DSR with Static and Uniform mobility models, while TORA has long delays and poor performance over all mobility models. This evaluation helps to improve the performance of VoIP applications over MANETs by studying the most appropriate reactive routing protocol over different types of mobility models.