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Treatment of Human Lens Epithelium with High Levels of Nanoceria Leads to Reactive Oxygen Species Mediated Apoptosis

Hanafy, Belal I., Cave, GarethW. V., Barnett, Yvonne and PIERSCIONEK, Barbara (2020) Treatment of Human Lens Epithelium with High Levels of Nanoceria Leads to Reactive Oxygen Species Mediated Apoptosis. molecules, 25 (3). ISSN 1420-3049

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Abstract or description

Nanoceria (cerium oxide nanoparticles) have been shown to protect human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) from oxidative stress when used at low concentrations. However, there is a lack of understanding about the mechanism of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of nanoceria when used at higher concentrations. Here, we investigated the impact of 24-hour exposure to nanoceria in HLECs. Nanoceria’s effects on basal reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial morphology, membrane potential, ATP, genotoxicity, caspase activation and apoptotic hallmarks were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) studies on isolated mitochondria revealed significant uptake and localization of nanoceria in the mitochondria. At high nanoceria concentrations (400 µg mL−1), intracellular levels of ROS were increased and the HLECs exhibited classical hallmarks of apoptosis. These findings concur with the cells maintaining normal ATP levels necessary to execute the apoptotic process. These results highlight the need for nanoceria dose-effect studies on a range of cells and tissues to identify therapeutic concentrations in vitro or in vivo.

Item Type: Article
Faculty: School of Life Sciences and Education > Biological Sciences
Depositing User: Barbara PIERSCIONEK
Date Deposited: 25 Mar 2020 14:47
Last Modified: 24 Feb 2023 13:58
URI: https://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/id/eprint/6215

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