Global Perspectives on Generative AI in Higher Education: Comparative Analysis of Ethical Adoption, Policy, and Stakeholder Roles

The swift incorporation of generative AI (GenAI) technologies into higher education has ignited considerable discussion regarding their ethical implications across various global contexts. This chapter presents a comparative analysis of how different regions and educational systems are adopting GenAI tools, including automated content generation, personalised learning platforms, and AI-supported research assistance. By analysing case studies from North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa, the chapter delves into both the advantages and obstacles posed by these technologies. Crucial ethical issues such as data privacy, academic integrity, bias, accessibility, and the risk of AI-induced inequality are scrutinised within the framework of local cultural, legal, and policy environments. Additionally, the chapter addresses the implications for educators, students, and institutional governance, highlighting the importance of globally informed ethical standards and regulatory frameworks to facilitate responsible AI integration in higher education. By providing a nuanced perspective on these international viewpoints, the chapter seeks to offer meaningful insights for policymakers, educators, and researchers who are navigating the intricate landscape of AI ethics in academia.